This paper extends the existing estimation methods to allow estimation under simultaneous price and output uncertainty. In contrast with the previous literature, our approach is applicable to the direct and indirect utility functions and does not require specification and estimation of the...

Consider an exchange economy with multiple competitive equilibria. Agents know the set of equilibria, but not which will be selected. To insure against unfavorable equilibrium outcomes, they trade on markets for commodities contingent on the equilibrium price vector. Such price-contingent...

The article builds on the Hall-Rabushka Flat Tax and proposes a consumption tax called the “E Tax,” which is an electronically collected credit invoice VAT. The Hall-Rabushka Flat Tax is a two-tier consumption tax that is based on a subtraction method VAT. The Hall-Rabushka nuance, however,...

The relationship between appreciation of the exchange rate and employment is investigated in the period 1980-2008 for the United States. Previous literature has found a negative relationship, studying as channels of transmission the role of exports, substitution of factors of production, terms...

This paper examines the fiscal impact of privatization revenues in 47 developing countries. There are many reasons that privatization is attractive for the central government of developing countries. If substantial, these revenues from the sale of state owned enterprises can present a potential...

The deficit of the Federal budget dominates the attention of the public arena. The process began with President Carter's ill-fated budget announcement in February 1980. The response of the bond market revealed at the time that an increasing segment of the public recognized the futility of...

Seit geraumer Zeit wird den ?ffentlichen Haushalten in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und hierbei insbesondere den Haushaltsdefiziten sowie dem Schuldenstand eine gro?e Aufmerksamkeit zuteil. Dazu beigetragen hat nicht nur der enorme Anstieg der Schulden der ?ffentlichen Hand und die damit...

Fiscal institutions, along with fiscal rules and budgetary procedures, are elements of the institutional environment of fiscal policy. Well pursued fiscal policy is reflected in the fiscal situation of a given country. The activities of many EU member countries and of Poland, done up till now,...

Artículo de revista ; This note analyses the situation of Spanish general government debt in 2018. Public debt fell to 97.1% of GDP, owing mainly to high economic growth. The average life of the debt stood at 7.5 years, with securities representing 86.4% of total debt and with the holdings of...