The heterogeneous demographic composition of South African households means that the way that household income or expenditure is converted into an individual-level welfare measure is likely to matter. This paper examines the monetary and time costs of the most common economic dependents in...

Over the last decade a number of countries, notably the USA, theUK and Australia, have introduced new tax and welfare programs,or expanded existing programs, that have the effect of raising taxrates on the income of the second earner in the family. Examplesinclude the earned income tax credit...

With its recently announced strategy "Europe 2020", the European Union picks up two major challenges: transforming the economy into a knowledge society with innovation as the main driver of economic growth and cohering a population whose workforce is shrinking and aging. Two benchmarks of this...