Realized variance option and options on quadratic variation normalized to unit expectation are analysed for the property of monotonicity in maturity for call options at a fixed strike. When this condition holds the risk-neutral densities are said to be increasing in the convex order. For...

Vanilla (standard European) options are actively traded on many underlying asset classes, such as equities, commodities and foreign exchange (FX). The market quotes for these options are typically used by exotic options traders to calibrate the parameters of the (risk-neutral) stochastic process...

We show that under the Black–Scholes assumption the price of an arithmetic average Asian call option with fixed strike increases with the level of volatility. This statement is not trivial to prove and for other models in general wrong. In fact we demonstrate that in a simple binomial model no...

This paper represents an attempt to make visible the impact of enterprise culture on small business enterprise activity. In doing this it sets out to explore understandings of the enterprise culture phenomenon, by subjecting the conventional conceptualization to critical scrutiny. In particular...

We develop a simple robust test for the presence of continuous and discontinuous (jump) components in the price of an asset underlying an option. Our test examines the prices of at-the-money and out-of-the-money options as the option maturity approaches zero. We show that these prices converge...

We consider the hedging of derivative securities when the price movement of the underlying asset can exhibit random jumps. Under a one factor Markovian setting, we derive a spanning relation between a long term option and a continuum of short term options. We then apply this spanning relation to...