[Introduction]. The following essay analyses how the industrial relations actors of the German and French automotive industry, exemplified with particular reference to Volkswagen and Renault, mediate the pressure which has been induced through the increasing globalisation of production...

[From the Introduction]. In light of these challenges that face EU policy makers, this paper attempts to address two fundamental questions: What is innovation? And what kind of policy is best suited for the job − one anchored in competition policy or industrial policy? Evaluation of the EU’s...

In the last decade or so, the EU has adopted a number of legislation aimed at liberalising network industries and developing an EU-level regulatory framework for those industries. Against this background, we examine the extent of liberalisation and the nature of market performance in a group of...

[From the Introduction]. In light of these challenges that face EU policy makers, this paper attempts to address two fundamental questions: What is innovation? And what kind of policy is best suited for the job − one anchored in competition policy or industrial policy? Evaluation of the...

The new European economy, complete with monetary union, gave rise to the emergence of a New European Economic Policy (NEEP). This paper takes as its task the analysis of: i) forms of the European Union elaborating on some of the specifics of the NEEP; ii) the problems the new European economy...

Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) are the backbone of Europe’s economy: there are 23 million SMEs in Europe representing around 99% of all undertakings, and 57% of them are sole proprietorships. They provide two thirds of total private-sector employment, represent 80% of the total job...

Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) are the backbone of Europe’s economy: there are 23 million SMEs in Europe representing around 99% of all undertakings, and 57% of them are sole proprietorships. They provide two thirds of total private-sector employment, represent 80% of the total job...

Long-term supply contracts often have ambiguous effects on the competitive structure, investment and consumer welfare in the long term. In a context of market building, these effects are likely to be worsened and thus even harder to assess. Since liberalization and especially since the release...

Artículo de revista ; En este artículo se analizan dos estrategias novedosas de competencia en el sector bancario: la banca como servicio (banking-as-a-service) y la prestación de servicios más allá de la banca (beyond banking). Se argumenta que estos modelos de negocio emulan la...

This paper analyses “banking-as-a-service” and “beyond banking”, two emerging bank competition strategies. These business models are argued to emulate the transaction-based inroads that BigTechs have made into finance. But they entail new risks that call for adequate regulatory responses...