We examine how the introduction of smallpox vaccination affected early-life mortality and fertility in Sweden during the first half of the 19th century. We demonstrate that parishes in counties with higher levels of smallpox mortality prior to the introduction of vaccination experienced a...

We investigate whether the exposure to rainfall shocks affects the experience of physical intimate partner violence by women in rural areas of the Peruvian Andes. Using data from the Demographic and Health Surveys over the period 2005-2014, we track changes in women's experience of physical...

Outbreaks of infectious diseases in developing countries deplete the primary asset of the poor – their labour – through premature deaths and increased morbidity. This study examines how peasant households may respond to the global and local effects of pandemics in economies with...

Ensuring food and nutrition security is a big challenge for India, given its huge population and high levels of poverty and malnutrition. Malnutrition among children is prevalent in almost all the states in India but Child malnutrition is a critical problem in Bihar, where the prevalence of...

Sericulture is a women intensive sector where 60% of the workers are either family workers or hired female workers. Productive skill makes the presence of women invincible both in pre and post cocoon sectors. This larger participation is expected to raise their level of empowerment too. Higher...

This paper provides the first empirical evidence that household electrification leads to direct and substantial welfare improvements via reductions in indoor air pollution. In the setting of a recent electrification program in northern El Salvador, we exploit a unique data-set on...

This paper provides the first empirical evidence that household electrification leads to direct and substantial welfare improvements via reductions in indoor air pollution. In the setting of a recent electrification program in northern El Salvador, we exploit a unique data-set on...

Outbreaks of infectious diseases are particularly devastating for developing countries and the poor: they deplete, through premature death and morbidity the primary asset of the poor – their labour – in economies with the least developed health care systems. This study examines how peasant...

Widespread in THE literature is the conclusion that air pollution is associated with various health problems. The present study discusses two discrete Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models and two related indexes. This approach has been adopted in previous research by Halkos & Argyropoulou...

Human activity has transformed the planet at a pace and scale unprecedented in recorded history, causing irreversible damage to communities and ecosystems. Countries have focused their capacities on economic growth, with too little attention to externalities in terms of environmental quality....