Under the normal conditions of construction contracts, the client is obliged to pay the contractor in monthly instalments. The amount of each instalment is based on the value of construction work actually produced in the previous month and forecasts are needed in advance of the likely value of...

James? Storey Enclosure Method (JSEM), developed in 1954, is considered by many to be the most sophisticated single-rate method ever devised for early-design-stage tender price forecasts. However, the method is seldom used in practice partly because it has been superseded by multi-rate methods...

Building client/owners need estimates of likely construction costs for budgeting purposes early in the procurement process when little detailed design information is available beyond the type, size and location of the facility. One of the more sophisticated techniques available for this purpose...