The theoretical debate over whether countries can and should set tariffs in response to the foreign export elasticities … exists no evidence about whether countries actually exploit their market power in trade by setting higher tariffs on goods … countries that are not members of the World Trade Organization systematically set higher tariffs on goods that are supplied …

-the-board declines, entailed increases in tariffs that are proving detrimental to international trade and thereby affecting the Spanish … economy’s external sector outlook. This article estimates the effect of tariffs on Spanish non-energy, non-EU goods exports … drawing on data broken down by country of destination and type of product. The results show that an increase in tariffs …

protectionism in the form of tariff barriers on Spanish goods exports. The Spanish economy has signicantly increased its degree of … obtain a database combining annual tariffs applied to Spanish products over the years 1995-2019 from WITS and bilateral extra …-EU Spanish goods exports from Eurostat, with a product disaggregation level at 6 digits. We estimate the effect of tariffs both …

escalation of US-China trade tensions. The new tariffs have affected a significant percentage of Chinese exports to the United … amplify such adverse effects. Additionally, possible future auto sector tariffs could have a significant impact on European …

benefits must be balanced against the expected political benefits of protectionism (and their associated welfare costs) when … biased toward protectionism, particularly if trade restrictions are a source of corruption incomes. This article explains the … sources of new appeals for protectionism, outlines the relationship with traditional producer protectionism and lays out the …

potential protectionism, the standard is useful in correcting the consumption externality in the domestic country. Protectionism …

Protectionism played a pivotal role in establishing and nurturing the growth of the Australian passenger motor vehicle … run, protectionism simultaneously led to an inefficient inward looking industry which could not compete against the …