, intermediation and operating approaches. The empirical results indicate a loss or little productivity gain in Botswana's financial …The productivity and efficiency of the financial sector is pivotal to the attainment of economic growth and development … restructuring. This study applies the Malmquist productivity index to measure and decompose the total factor productivity change of …

tremendous increase in poverty and income inequality in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Much of the literature argues that the …’s economic empowerment: the labour market, education and poverty. Large and complex data sets on peoples’ attitudes and … greater in transition than in OECD countries.On the other hand, once the feminisation of poverty is concerned data on …

we then combine to arrive at estimates of overall poverty from 1970 to 2000. However, data for the last few years of this … that these estimates are worst case estimates of poverty trends after 1995. An alternative, less pessimistic estimate is … to arrive at overall estimates of inequality and poverty; next we discuss the trends in poverty as derived from our data …

There is now a consensus that economic growth is a dominant determinant of poverty. That is, poverty reduction requires … raises mean income and reduces the proportion of the population living below any absolute poverty line. It is generally … believed that growth that is distribution neutral has a greater impact on poverty reduction than growth that generates …

between infrastructure and private productivity. The second subject is the determinants of regional infrastructure investment … infrastructure to private production; the essays three to five study besides the productivity effects also the determinants of …

rigidity. The third essay analyses how different unionisation structures affect firm productivity and firm performance in a … among heterogeneous producers and increases average productivity and profit levels, firm-level bargaining allows less … productive entrants to remain in the market. The positive effect of centralised bargaining on average productivity can, however …

on productivity growth, and additionally export behavior has to be persistent over time. Both conditions are empirically …