Missing from the analysis of customs unions has been a consideration of collective decisionmaking by countries regarding the union’s common trade policy. In the case of the common European external tariff, how governments voted was not public information. This paper uses a unique dataset to...

Since the 1987 Single European Act, the European Union has deepened its integration process. In the case of the determination of the common external tariff, deeper integration implies that the tariff reflected union-wide preferences. If integration is still shallow, though, the observed tariff...

Antidumping (AD) is the most widely used contingent protection measure. In the United States, key decisions on AD are delegated to the International Trade Commission (ITC), an independent agency composed of six non-elected commissioners. Using a newly collected dataset, I study the determinants...

Constructing an original panel on Maximum Residue Levels (MRLs) in pesticides for 50 countries over 2006-2012, this paper studies the effect of heterogeneity in MRL regulation on bilateral trade. We find evidence of regulatory heterogeneity diminishing trade at the extensive margin when the...

This paper studies the Hong Kong economy from a trade intermediary’s perspective. Using a structural vector autoregression (SVAR) framework, we discover that trade-related external shocks mainly affect the economy through re-exports channel over the offshore trade channel. We observe that...

In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the interplay between domestic investments, exports, and economic growth in Australia from 1972 to 2021. The Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) provided insights into short-term and long-term dynamics, highlighting how deviations from...

This study rigorously investigates the effect of agricultural exports on economic growth across 12 low-income countries—Burkina Faso, Burundi, Central African Republic, Ethiopia, Gambia, Madagascar, Mali, Niger, Rwanda, Sudan, Togo, and Uganda—during the period from 2004 to 2023. Employing...

This study explores the determinants of economic growth in 17 East Asia-Pacific countries from 2004 to 2023, analyzing the effects of capital, labor, digitalization, financial development, natural resources, and trade openness. Utilizing a suite of statistical and econometric...

In 2016, some 55 economies introduced at least 112 measures affecting foreign investment. Two thirds of these measures sought to liberalise, promote and facilitate new investment (falling since 2016). Almost a third of these measures are new restrictions (increasing since 2016). Restrictive...

International trade in goods requires service inputs such as transport, banking and financial services for production and transportation. Trade in goods and services are now closely linked and contribute to the growth of international trade. The goal of this study is to investigate the effects...