Traditionally, most firms? IT capital investment decisions have been based onbusiness cases estimating financial returns on individual applications. Infrastructure costs wereoften bundled with applications, although disruptive technologies, such as desktop computingand Internet protocols, led to...

Like most financial institutions, Chase Global Markets (now part of J.P. Morgan Chase) found that e-business opportunities challenged its core business model. The Global Markets business serves large institutional investors (as opposed to individual investors) and thus handles very large...