Cross-country data on energy consumption, GDP and vulnerability are used to measure percentage changes in vulnerability … effects on per capita income, have the effect of reducing a country’s overall vulnerability to climate change by a greater … globe, are unlikely to reduce vulnerability to climate change, especially at very low incomes. …

analyzing how a range of external pressuresaffect the vulnerability of dryland pastoral systems in the Kalahari. This is … managers can provide ‘win-win-win’ benefits of reducing system vulnerability, increasing economic income, and building social …

reducing inequality. Educated workers in these countries have a much lower birth rate than uneducated workers. Assuming … incorporating this effect generates multiple stedy-state levels of inequality, suggesting that in some circumstances, temporarily … increasing access to educational opportunities could permanently reduce inequality. Empirical evidence suggests that the …

. In particular, we attempt to arrive at racial distribution data as well as data on inequality within race groups, which … to arrive at overall estimates of inequality and poverty; next we discuss the trends in poverty as derived from our data …

' vulnerability to energy supply disruptions. Crude oil is stored in geologic formations, or salt domes, located under these …