citations. They found that Korean patents are more likely to cite Japanese patents than U.S. ones, maybe due to their proximity …, etc.). In their studies, they found also that the citations received (forward) by Korea and Taiwan outnumber the citations … patent citations, between North Saharan (NS) countries and South European (SE) countries and explore the nature of these …

, United Kingdom, and United States). Byusing patents and patent citations at the United States Patent and Trademark Office we … spillovers, patent citations related spillovers, and face-to-face contact spillovers. Ourresults, based on data for Argentina … effects, bilateral patent citations and face-to-face relationships between inventors are bothimportant additional mechanisms …