Doctor of Philosophy

Climate change is a worldwide environmental problem that will affect every citizen of the planet. Societies can respond to climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and reducing the rate and the magnitude of effects caused by climate change. Economists have proposed using a market...

This dissertation links the natural and social sciences, using modeling techniques to enhance understanding of the functioning of a complex ecosystem and its relevance to humans. For this purpose, I developed a Regional Unified Metatomodel of the Brazilian Amazon (RUMBA) to simulate the Amazon...

In 2005 the European Union (EU) began the first phase of the largest and most ambitious emissions trading system (EU ETS) ever attempted, which then applied to all members of the EU. In its second phase which began in 2008 the EU ETS now applies to all 27 members of the EU together with Norway,...

The economic value is expressed by prices, but their high volatility was a strong reason to consider other elements to be used for measurement. The most appropriate elements for this were established by the theories of value that explain how value is created, enhanced, transferred, and how it...

Equity markets in developing and emerging economies have grown in number and importance as a result of financial market globalisation. However, their role in economic growth and development is enhanced if nascent markets are integrated with well-established ones. Market integration, measured by...

This paper examines the interdependence between imperfect competition and emis-sions trading in a two-sector (clean and dirty) economy. We compare the welfare implica-tions of an absolute cap-and-trade scheme (permit trading) with a relative intensity-basedscheme (credit trading). We nd...

The research analyzes aspects of the spot forex intraday trading and the existing models based on macro fundamentals or describing market microstructure. Most of analysis is done on high frequency data, over an extensive period and on 70 currency pairs. A hybrid model based on microstructure...

In areas from medicine to climate change to economics, we are faced with huge challenges and a need for accurate forecasts, yet our ability to predict the future has been found wanting. The basic problem is that complex systems such as the atmosphere or the economy cannot be reduced to simple...