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Banks and financial institutions are increasingly coming under pressure from shareholders to deliver an acceptable return on investment. A new textbook for the banking sector in Zimbabwe is currently due. Banks are no longer offering welcome services as theoretically known. Investment in banks...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012977536
This paper examines the experience of Sweden with government notes and private bank notes to determine how well the Swedish experience corresponds to that of Canada and the United States. Sweden is important to study because it has had government notes in circulation for more than 350 years, and...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011864604
This paper studies the period in Canada when both private bank notes and governmentissued notes (Dominion notes) were simultaneously in circulation. Because both of these notes shared many of the characteristics of today's digital currencies, the experience with these notes can be used to draw...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011599127
Cash is being used less and less for making payments in many countries, including Canada and Sweden, which might … suggest that cash will eventually disappear. However, cash in circulation in most countries, including Canada, has been stable … for decades, and even rising in recent years. In contrast, aggregate cash demand in Sweden has been falling steadily. This …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012053139
The period from 1914 to 1935 in the United States is unique in that it was the only time that both privately-issued bank notes (national bank notes) and central bank-issued bank notes (Federal Reserve notes) were simultaneously in circulation. This paper describes some lessons relevant to...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011280047
In the United States prior to 1863 each bank issued its own distinct notes. E-money shares many of the characteristics of these bank notes. This paper describes some lessons relevant to e-money from the U.S. experience with state bank notes. It examines historical evidence on how well the bank...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010346236
Beginning in 1864, in the United States notes of national banks were the predominant medium of exchange. Each national bank issued its own notes. E-money shares many of the characteristics of these bank notes. This paper describes some lessons relevant to emoney from the U.S. experience with...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010469668
This paper studies money demand in Switzerland under free banking before the establishment of the Swiss National Bank. We find that, in addition to income, the banks' balance-sheet-to-GDP ratio and the number of banks were important determinants of long-run money demand. The former variable also...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011962889
This paper extends the empirical research strategy developed for modeling demand for M1 in Nigeria in Teriba (2006a) to one of its two sub-components, currency outside banks (COB). However, none of our findings for M1 stand up for COB. Specifically, the long run equilibrium relationship between...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014060209
This paper reports a cross-sectional study of the use of cash in retail transactions among 36 countries between 2010 …-17. The retail use of cash in increased with concern for privacy and decreased with trust in banks. An increase in concern for … with an increase in cash usage by 11.1 percentage points. An increase in trust in banks by one standard deviation …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012842982