The coronavirus epidemic has severely affected the small and medium enterprises (SMEs), which are more financially constrained compared with large companies. Waking up to this challenge, various countries employed short-run and long-run policies to support SMEs. Using rich firm-level data from...

This study examines the extent to which financing constraints affect the research and development (R&D) expenditure of Indian manufacturing firms during the period 1991–2011. Using dynamic R&D investment model, we find significant positive relationship between a firm's R&D expenditure and...

This study examines the role of financing constraints in explaining outward foreign direct investment (FDI) using unique firm-level panel data on Indian manufacturing during the period 2007–2014. We consider the role of both internal and external finance, and employ instrumental variable...