Under the proposed renewables Directive, Member States would commit to delivering additional renewable energy so that collectively they would generate 20% of energy from renewable sources by 2020. The requirements for each Member State are linked to the GDP. The Proposal offers two options for...

Renewables require support policies to deliver the European 20% target. We discuss the requirements for least cost development and efficient operation and quantify how different schemes: (i) allow for the development of a renewable energy technology portfolio; (ii) reduce rent transfers to...

In this paper, we review the changes the DTC will bring about in the institutional framework of the European Union, focusing mainly, though not exclusively, on the most controversial issues, which were only resolved by the IGC at its final meeting in June 2004. Our aim is to identify and explain...

This chapter assesses the development and possible future orientation(s) of EU Energy Law and Policy, focusing upon the commitment to market liberalization and market-based approaches, as well as the combination of EU and national level actors, institutions and policies. The combination of goals...

This work is the only current, single volume coverage of the the latest EU energy legislation and its application on the context of the rules of the EU Treaties. Providing a comprehensive account of EU energy law following the adoption of the third energy package in 2009 this book focuses on...

This chapter analyses the contribution of the Court of Justice to the harmonization of private law through the lens of the Court's rulings on Directives in the field. In particular, the implementation of such Directives by Member States is discussed, in the context both of the Court's rulings...

This article provides a legal analysis of some of the key issues that arise in examining the system for allocating emissions allowances under the EU's emissions trading system directive (EU ETS). There is a strong series of arguments in support of the view that the free allocation of allowances...