Nowadays, the ESG-oriented portfolios are very popular. This study aims to study the performance of cross-asset portfolios between eco-friendly stocks (represented by Sri-Kehati index) with cryptocurrencies, bonds and gold. The data used in the study were the daily return of each instrument from...

This research investigated the performance of a dynamic portfolio that consists of sustainable/ethical stocks and gold. The main purpose of this study is to prove that the inclusion of gold in sustainable/ethical stocks portfolios could produce better performance. Therefore, the method used in...

The aim of this paper is to study the performance of carbon-based portfolios when all emissions scopes are accounted for. We formalize low-carbon portfolio strategies by integrating a carbon intensity penalty to a constrained mean-variance optimization framework. To do so, we resort to direct...

The present paper proposes an overview of the existing literature covering several aspects related to environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors. Specifically, we consider studies describing and evaluating ESG methodologies and those studying the impact of ESG on credit risk, debt and...

Green bonds are about a decade old financial instrument with cash flows earmarked to improve the environment or combat climate change. We show the spectacular growth of the asset class over time, but note that it is currently still less than 1% of the entire fixed income market. The composition...

The authors embed Paris Aligned Benchmark (PAB) requirements in an illustrative multi-asset portfolio containing developed and emerging market equities, sovereign bonds, corporate bonds, listed real estate, and commodities. By being PAB compliant, the immediate reduction and ongoing reductions...

This study revisits risk management in the German power market, specifically focusing on conventional thermal power generation. The subsidizing and prioritizing of electricity produced from renewable energy sources (RES) by means of the Renewable Energy Sources Act (EEG) has changed the market's...

This paper investigates how the mean-variance efficient frontier defined by sovereign bonds of twenty developed countries is affected by the consideration of socially responsible indicators for countries in the investment decision-making. For a global rating of socially responsible performances,...

We examine how generations X, Y, and Z might react to market-moving events over short- and long-term horizons to maintain an optimal balance among risk, return, and investor preferences. To analyze various portfolio variants, we use data on selected global assets and several types of economic...

In this paper, we expand the literature on multi-criteria portfolio modeling for social responsible investments using multi-directional efficiency analysis (MEA). We apply a positive screening according to MEA efficiency scores, but also exploit the information contained in the efficiency score...