Since the second half of the twentieth century, the gradual nationalization of political authority that was typical for much of the State's history since the seventeenth century has come to a standstill and given way to the denationalization of political authority. Non-state actors acquire...

Staatlichkeit zerfasert. Der seit dem 15. Jahrhundert verlaufende Prozess der Aneignung von Herrschaftsbefugnissen durch den Staat hat sich in der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts umgekehrt. Der Staat übt Herrschaft oft nicht mehr alleine aus, sondern koordiniert, integriert, initiiert und...

Most governance is indirect, carried out through intermediaries. Principal-agent (PA) theory views indirect governance primarily as a problem of information: the intermediary (agent) has an informational advantage over the governor (principal), which it can exploit for shirking, slacking or...

No governor has sufficient capabilities to govern single-handedly; all governors rely on agents, and thus become principals. The "governor's dilemma" results from the tradeoff between agent competence and principal control. Competent agents are difficult to control because their policy...