To avoid interspecies extrapolation in toxicokinetics and drug development, it is convenient to directly develop human data. In that case, exposure dose should pose null or negligible risk to the exposed individual, but still be sufficiently high to allow quantification. We propose to reduce the...

A hierarchical Bayesian model for spatial panel data is proposed. The idea behind the proposed method is to analyze spatially dependent panel data by means of a separable covariance matrix. Let us indicate the observations as yit, i = 1, ... ,N regions and t = 1,... , T time, var(y), the...