combination of purchased and own care, the effect of income on fertility is ambiguous, even if quantity of children is a normal … income effect on fertility is positive when quantity is a normal good. (iii) If, on the other hand, there only is own care …, there is a different kind of quantity quality trade off. The income effect on fertility is positive if quantity is a closer …

household outcomes. We find that in cities with a larger kindergarten exposure, families significantly reduced fertility, with …. Households reduced fertility because kindergarten attendance increased returns to education, but it also led to higher …

examines the impact of the privatization of kibbutzim on fertility behavior among members. We find that fertility declined by 6 … due to privatization, our results suggest that financial considerations may be a more modest factor in fertility decisions …

fertility on parental investments and on women's labour supply that use twin births to instrument fertility will tend to be …

Twin births are often used to instrument fertility to address (negative) selection of women into fertility. However …, twin-IV estimates will tend to be upward biased. This is pertinent given the emerging consensus that fertility has limited …

instrument fertility will under-estimate impacts of fertility on parental investments and women's labour supply. This is …

fertility. In a framework where families face a trade-off between the quantity and quality of children, we incorporate the …, resulting in higher fertility. …

education track attendance from the first to the second generation of immigrants. Second, we find that reduced fertility is …

education track attendance from the first to the second generation of immigrants. Second, we find that reduced fertility is …

and a fixed effect two-stage least squares model, this study exploits variations in fertility and in human capital …