The effective market access granted to textiles and apparel under the North American Free Trade Agreement (nafta) is estimated, taking into account the presence of rules of origin. First, estimates are provided of the effect of tariff preferences combined with rules of origin on the border...

With free trade areas (FTAs) under negotiation between Japan and the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) members and between the Republic of Korea and AFTA members, preferential market access will become more important in Asian regionalism. Protectionist pressures will likely increase through rules of...

This paper estimates the effective market-access granted under NAFTA in textiles and apparel taking into account the presence of rules of origin (RoO) by combining two approaches. First, we estimate the effect of tariff preferences and (RoO) on the border prices of Mexican final goods exported...

Building on earlier work by Estevadeordal, we construct a synthetic index (R-index) intending to capture the restrictiveness of rules of origin (PSRO) in preferential trading agreements. The R-index is applied to NAFTA and the Single List of the EU's PANEURO system covering all of the EU's...