issue a favorable subject of considerations. The aim of this article is to summarize selected surveys on the role of debt … debt was used only in the case where internal sources of financing appeared to be insufficient. As a consequence of such an … approach, the level of debt was relatively low and it may be concluded that companies benefited carefully from financial …

We analyze the optimal debt structure of multinational corporations choosing between centralized or decentralized …

leverage, the optimum and excessive risk and the probability of a debt crisis. The theoretically founded early warning signals … crisis ; optimal leverage and debt ratios ; Congressional Oversight Panel ; Case-Shiller index …