We use a unique dataset of bond downgrades from a niche rating company that has been found to be reacting faster to publicly available information than its competitors. Using regime-switching models we propose risk measures to quantify stock return disturbances (distress costs) associated with...

In this paper we present a conceptual framework for regulatory and policy responses to systemic risks, in light of lessons learned from the recent financial crisis. We argue that capitalism works best when it facilitates fair market discovery of prices. However, the market is imperfect; there...

This paper presents mathematical models for cyber breach probability as function of security spending in protecting a firm's ICT systems. We derive optimal level of security investment as percentage of value-at-risk. We show that the upper bound of optimal investment can be 1/e, 1/√2π or...

This paper presents analytical models for optimizing firm's cybersecurity spending and cyber insurance based on the effectiveness of spending in reducing cyber threats, vulnerability and impact, respectively. At the macro-level, the paper shows how private-sector contribution toward countering...

This paper presents economic models of cybersecurity investments by a firm, first considering the cost-benefit to the firm itself, and then to the eco-system of a supply-chain. We introduce a concept of a firm's security knowledge set of its attack surface, relative to the universe of threats....

In this paper, we investigate the relationship between comonotonicity and stoploss order. We prove our main results by using a characterization of stop-loss order within the framework of Yaari's (1987) dual theory of choice under risk. Wang and Dhaene (1997) explore related problems in the case...