Building on Banker, Byzalov, and Plehn-Dujowich’s (2014) congestion cost theory, we model firms’ tradeoff between rigid cost structures and high inventory levels in reducing congestion costs caused by uncertain demand. We show that more inventory results in lower cost rigidity, while the...

We extend Jin and Myers’ (2006) model to derive the relation between stock price crash risk and operating leverage (i.e., the fraction of fixed costs in total costs). The model predicts that (i) firms’ operating leverage decreases as stock price crash risk increases, and (ii) the negative...

We examine the optimal saving decision of individuals who face a multiplicative risk. An individual is defined to be multiplicative risk prudent if multiplying a pure risk to her future wealth raises her optimal savings. We show that an individual is multiplicative risk prudent if and only if...