-designed performance related pay schemes. We find that schools in labor markets with better outside options for teachers saw relatively … higher increases in teacher pay. Schools in these areas relatively increase their spending on teachers, have higher teacher … resources, by preventing such schools from retaining their teachers. …

This study provides novel empirical insights into the attractiveness of European Universities for Marie Skłodowska …-Curie Actions (MSCA) grant holders and investigates how efficient universities are in this respect relative their potential. To … from the Times Higher Education database on 390 European universities. Approximately half of the universities hosts MSCA …