The study aims to examine reasons for agribusiness proprietors seeking unconventional loans, where conventional lenders offer loans at lower interest rates. Using cross-sectional data analysis, the study revealed the type of clients served by unconventional lending sector: Households that are...

Rainfall modeling is significant for prediction and forecasting purposes in agriculture, weather derivatives, hydrology, risk and disaster preparedness. Normally two models are used to model the rainfall process as a chain dependent representing the occurrence and intensity of rainfall. Such two...

We review agricultural financing strategies in developed and developing economies in light of the risks that agricultural businesses face due to variations in weather conditions among other challenges. We specifically review Kenyan farmers' agricultural risk management strategies and credit...

Many actuarial science researchers on stochastic modeling and forecasting of systematic mortality risk use Cairns-Blake-Dowd (CBD) Model (2006) due to its ability to consider the cohort effects. A three-factor stochastic mortality model has three parameters that describe the mortality trends...