Building on new behavioral and institutional theories, using a data set of about 450 variables and augmenting the Sala-i-Martin definition of robustness, we find evidence in support of the hypothesis that the standard causes of the shadow economy (SE), taxes, the administrative burden and labor...

In 2006 China implemented the green credit policy that demands from banks to integrate sustainability considerations into their lending and investment processes. The goals of the policy are to incentivize the financial sector to finance the transformation into a greener economy and to create...

The literature on remittances is large and growing. However, its focus has mainly been on the effects of remittance inflows on the receiving economies. Little has been done on the sending economies. In this paper, we use data from Saudi Arabia, one of the top remitting countries in the world, to...

The business restrictions introduced during the COVID-19 pandemic greatly affected the labour market. However, quantifying their costs is not trivial as local policies affect neighbouring areas through spillovers. Exploiting the U.S. local variation in restrictions and commuting, we estimate the...

The GCC countries are among the top destinations for foreign workers from neighboring Arab and Asian countries. The Gulf region is also the top remitter in the world. This chapter discusses the reasons that placed the GCC countries at the heart of the migration debate. To better understand the...

Do gender differences matter for politicians' budgetary behaviour when confronted with an exogenous change in the institutional framework? After the 2013 Spanish municipal reform, municipalities with more than 20,000 inhabitants were no longer responsible for managing the provision of social...

In the present paper it will be econometrically shown that an increase in poverty yields a decrease in the level of confidence in the EU institutions (that is a would be threat for the EU). Present model is based on the work of Georgiou (2012) and Padoan (2013) that austerity causes a worsening...

Building on new behavioral and institutional theories, using a data set of about 450 variables and augmenting the Sala-i-Martin definition of robustness, we find evidence in support of the hypothesis that the standard causes of the shadow economy (SE), taxes, the administrative burden and labor...