Despite significant progress made, improving skills remains one of Portugal’s key challenges for raising growth, living … cooperate with the private sector. This Working Paper relates to the 2017 OECD Economic Survey of Portugal (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/economic-survey-portugal.htm). …

research would be helpful. Universities can contribute to recreating hope and optimism through more innovation in the economy. …

, the quality of most patents is still low and innovation output is weak. Reforms are underway to address these problems but … knowledge economy. Among the priorities are more and better oriented funding of education, giving greater opportunities to … nurturing research and innovation. This Working Paper relates to the 2015 OECD Economic Survey of China www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/economic-survey-china.htm …

This paper documents differences across higher-education courses in the coverage of frontier knowledge. Comparing the … text of 1.7M syllabi and 20M academic articles, we construct the "education-innovation gap," a syllabus's relative … proximity to old and new knowledge. We show that courses differ greatly in the extent to which they cover frontier knowledge …

barriers and better innovation policies would boost productivity. Effective intergovernmental coordination bodies and a well …

We propose an innovation-driven growth model in which education is determined by family background and cognitive …