We explore the role of Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) on Total Factor Productivity (TFP) of domestic firms by drawing attention to the foreign ownership structure. First, we differentiate between market share (MS) due to competition effects and knowledge agglomeration gains (AG). The former...

This study examines whether differences in monetary policy are associated with diverging effects of public spending on growth. At first stage, we estimate public spending multipliers for each country of the European Union (EU). Their size varies considerably across countries. Then we incorporate...

This study examines whether differences in public sector efficiency are associated with diverging effects of public investment on growth. At first stage, we estimate public investment multipliers for each country of the European Union (EU). Their size varies considerably across countries. Then...