This paper studies the impact of research and development (R&D) and innovation on employment growth, focusing on small … and medium-sized firms. Employment effects of R&D and innovation are unclear a priori as process innovation may be labor … both R&D and innovation increased employment growth, suggesting that innovation was either capital-saving or labor had …

In the present study we investigate the relationship between foreign ownership and innovation activities using the firm …-level data of the third Community Innovation Survey (CIS) covering 12 European countries. Probit estimates based on 28,000 firms …