The production index is an important indicator for assessing the cyclical state of the economy. Unfortunately, the monthly time series is contaminated by many noisy components like seasonal variations, calendar and vacation effects. Only part of those nuisance components are explicitly...

In this paper, an Unobserved Components Model is employed to decompose German real GDP into the trend, cycle and seasonal components and the working day effect. The most important findings are: 1) The growth rate of potential output declined from 4.2 per cent in the sixties to 1.4 per cent at...

Hamilton (2018) argues that one should never use the Hodrick-Prescott (HP) filter to detrend economic time series and proposes an alternative approach. This comment reconsiders Hamilton's case against the HP filter, emphasizing two simple points. First, in the empirical example Hamilton...

This research aims to check whether the rate of production growth in the MSME sectors open to foreign direct investment (FDI) was lower than in the closed MSME sectors before the policy in 2016 and whether the growth rate of the open MSME sectors' production lower than the closed MSME sectors...

Die Industrie, die privaten Haushalte und der Verkehrssektor sind in Deutschland die wichtigsten Endverbraucher von Energie. Mehr als ein Viertel der Energiemenge in Deutschland wird in der Industrieproduktion eingesetzt. Um die monatliche Entwicklung der Industrieproduktion im Bereich der...