This paper proposes an ex-post measure of inequality of opportunity in France and its regions by assessing the inequality between individuals exerting the same effort. To this end, we define a fair income that fulfils ex-post equality of opportunity requirements. Unfairness is measured by an...

Commodity prices are key ingredients in many economic theories. We pick three of them (Prebisch–Singer hypothesis, commodity currencies, financialization of commodity markets) and give a critical view on the empirical challenges faced by practitioners, including measurement inconsistencies,...