This study analyzes differences by gender in the ownership of privately held U.S. firms and examines the role of gender in the availability of credit. Using data from the nationally representative Surveys of Small Business Finances, which span a period of sixteen years, we document a series of...

We study the effects of a unique lending program initiated by the Swedish government at the height of the financial crisis that allowed firms to suspend payment of all labor-related taxes and fees. Comprehensive administrative data on all Swedish firms show that firms borrowing from the program...

If control of their firms allows entrepreneurs to derive private benefits, it also allows other controlling parties. Private benefits are especially relevant for venture capitalists, who typically get considerable control in their portfolio firms, but not for banks, which are passive loan...

Frequently described as a ‘much ignored' focus of academic research, small venture financing has been the subject of a burgeoning literature in the past two decades. A considerable amount of research comprises empirical tests of theories developed in the field of corporate finance....

Does intellectual property positively affect the success of the equity crowdfunding campaigns? By using a unique dataset of 191 equity crowdfunding campaigns, gathered from the Italian platforms over the period 2014-2018, we answer this question, focusing on the effect of patents on funding...

Using a recently developed method of causal inference, this paper estimates the additional up-front loan origination costs that a small business can expect to pay when it first borrows from a new lender. I compare firms that borrow from a previously unused financial institution with firms that...

Banks finance newly-founded firms extensively despite severe asymmetric information. Whereas the demand for credit usually follows from entrepreneurs' lack of liquidity, we ask why and how banks supply credit to new firms of unknown value. We propose a model of credit allocation in which, due to...

Reward-based crowdfunding campaigns are commonly offered in one of two models in reference to fundraising goals set by the entrepreneur: “Keep-It-All” (KIA), where the entrepreneur keeps the entire amount raised regardless of achieving the goal, and “All-Or-Nothing” (AON), where the...

The main strategic objective of bank-affiliated venture capital funds (BVCs) is to enhance demand of debt capital from portfolio companies. This paper investigates the channels through which banks pursue such a strategy. Using detailed data from seven Western European countries in the period...

This article uses a hand-collected sample of 733 projects from seven leading U.S.-based real estate crowdfunding (RECF) platforms. We analyze whether property, financing, and crowdfunding campaign characteristics, as well as information risk, can explain the expected returns of RECF campaigns...