what one would expect from the theory of short-lived coins. Economic backwardness, limited monetization of society and … separate currency areas facilitated re-coinage. Re-coinage with varying frequency was applied in 1180–1290 when only bracteates … dating of types to specific periods of the kings' reigns. However, monetization increased in the late 13th century, making re …

types. The fragility was not a big problem, since the bracteates would not circulate for a long period. When monetization …Although the leaf-thin bracteates are the most fragile coins in monetary history, they were the main coin type for … almost two centuries in large parts of medieval Europe. The usefulness of the bracteates can be linked to the contemporary …

was less restrictive and had lower administrative costs for the coin issuer than re-coinage. Besides low monetization, the … debasements than routine calendar driven re-coinage, due to the high uncertainty. -- Re-coinage ; short-lived coinage system … ; debasement ; monetary tax ; monetization ; inflation ; monetary system …

analyseras samt vilken roll brakteaterna spelade under senmedeltiden.English abstract: The medieval bracteates are the thinnest … coins that have ever been minted. Despite the fragility, the bracteates dominated the coinage system in large parts of … central, eastern and northern Europe for almost 200 years. The purpose of this article is to put the bracteates in a …

.English abstract: In medieval Sweden (1150–1520), similar coin types were minted as in continental Europe: bracteates, two-faced coins …, again bracteates, and örtugs with hohlpfennigs as small change. The purpose of this article is to analyze whether Sweden … also applied the European currency policies that correspond to these types, e.g. coin debasements and periodic recoinage …

, limited monetization of society and separate currency areas facilitated recoinage. Recoinage with varying frequency was … applied in 1180–1290 when only bracteates were minted. This is evidenced by many different coin types per reign, coin hoards … which are dominated by a few types and dating of types to specific periods of the kings’ reigns. However, monetization …

fineness, bracteates minting, and small currency areas.The number of circulating coins and the degree of monetization increased …: there were many coin types in each time period, skewed coin hoards with respect to types, low monetization, high silver … recoinage far more difficult to enforce and administrate. Bracteates were thus finally replaced by long-lived, two-faced coins …