specialized enforcement technology is sufficiently effective, cooperation is best sustained by a "single enforcer punishment …We introduce the possibility of direct punishment by specialized enforcers into a model of community enforcement … following deviations by regular agent is that such actions, by reducing future cooperation, would decrease the amount of …

Until recently, theorists considering the evolution of human cooperation have paid little attention to institutional … maximize compliance? We investigate this question by modeling the co-evolution of law and cooperation in a public goods game … punishment, a defining feature of large-scale human societies. Compared to individually-administered punishment, institutional …

groups but where entrepreneurs have a desire for cooperation and peace. We assert that it is members of the elites who start … ; cooperation …

observe surprisingly high levels of cooperation and altruism within groups in conflict situations such as civil wars. We …-link structure. We test the implications of our model in a laboratory experiment. -- cooperation ; conflict, defence ; signaling …

study the impact of different time horizons on cooperation in (quasi) continuous time prisoner's dilemmas. We find that … cooperation levels are similar or higher when the horizon is deterministic rather than stochastic. Moreover, a deterministic … deterministic horizon subjects show high initial cooperation and a strong end-of-period reversal to defection. Moreover, they do not …

mechanisms to the dilemma in recent decades. Although punishment is thought to be a key mechanism, evolutionary game theory has … revealed that the simplest form of punishment called peer punishment is useless to solve the dilemma, since peer punishment … itself is costly. In the literature, more complex types of punishment, such as pool punishment or institutional punishment …

cost-benefit ratio (CBR). There are indeed only two stable sets of equilibria enabling cooperation, one for low CBRs …-order discriminators which highlights the necessity for higher-order information to sustain cooperation through indirect reciprocity. In a …

cost-benefit ratio (CBR). There are indeed only two stable sets of equilibria enabling cooperation, one for low CBRs …-order discriminators which highlights the necessity for higher-order information to sustain cooperation through indirect reciprocity. In a …

anger, ‘social’ emotions like shame and guilt need to be present for punishment to be an effective deterrent of …

We use skin conductance responses and self-reports of hedonic valence to study the emotional basis of cooperation and … punishment in a social dilemma. Emotional reaction to free-riding incites individuals to apply sanctions when they are available …. The application of sanctions activates a "virtuous emotional circle" that accompanies cooperation. Emotionally aroused …