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The height of the French male population of the Ancien Régime is estimated, on the basis of military records, to have …, which clearly fuelled the fires of revolution. The height of the French upper classes was 7 cm above average, but, that, too …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010440939
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Age heaping-based numeracy indicators have served as valuable tools to derive basic human capital estimates, especially for periods where other indicators are unavailable. However, the accuracy of individual age statements usually remains unknown, and due to the lack of precise information it...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011669765
This paper quantitatively assesses to what extent signatures in marriage certificates can inform about literacy rates in pre-industrial states. The direct estimates are based on a novel and balanced random sample of marriage certificates for pre-unification Italy in 1815. Such figures are...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013402051
Recent theoretical developments in growth models, triggered particularly by unified theories of growth, suggest that the child quantity-quality trade-off is a defining element in our explanation of a transition from Malthusian stagnation to a sustained growth path. This paper presents a model...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013228885
We estimate the height of various European populations in the first half of the 18th century. English and Irish male … and convict servants in colonial North America, whose height is estimated as between 66.4 and 67.0 inches (168,7 and 170 … height distribution in this period. The English were about as tall as Bohemians and French, but shorter than the Irish and …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010440427
North American counterparts. The height gap between the rich and poor was the greatest in England, reaching 22 cm at age 16 … discovered, while the English rich were the tallest in their time: only 2.5 cm shorter than today's US standards. Height of the … the height of the wealthy tended rather to increase until the 1840s and then levelled off. …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010440428
The modern approach to the market as a place with autonomy depends on a certain view of money. According to that view, money is a neutral technology that expresses individual choices made about real goods and services. But the controversies over money that regularly arise in political...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012839160
Sweden and Spain have developed very distinct systems of innovation over the long term. The former has a highly innovative economy while the latter drags serious problems in science and technology. However, during the first half of the nineteenth century both countries were latecomers to the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012858463