This paper is the first to estimate the impact of a direct measure of firm-level upstreamness on productivity, wage … costs and profits (i.e. productivity-wage gaps). To do so, we merged detailed Belgian linked panel data, covering all years … that if upstreamness increases by one step (that is, by approximately, one standard deviation), productivity rises on …

-level determinants of the estimated markups and assesses the link between competition and firm-level outcomes, including productivity …. However, there has been little evidence on what drives market power and the impact of the degree of competition in South … South Africa, even after controlling for efficiency. Moreover, lower product market competition has a significant, negative …

competition as moderator variables. To do so, we specify a wage-setting equation à la Bartolucci (2014) that includes a direct … measure of worker productivity. We control for a wide range of worker and firm characteristics, as well as time …