Structural (non-price) competitiveness departs from price or cost competitiveness and captures a multitude of dimensions, both quantitative and qualitative, affecting a country’s trade and openness. Greece over time has lagged behind in key structural competitiveness indicators relative to...

While there are many methods to measure the competitiveness of an economy, most of these concepts ignore the fact that competitiveness can change not only because of market processes such as wage negotiation but also because of political decision making. Governments that compete with others for...