In this era of globalization we see an increase in specialization: the production chain issplit up in more and more parts and the production of these parts is outsourced to thoseplaces in the world where production is relatively cheapest and most efficient. Itimplies that transaction costs,...

International trade and fragmentation of production lead to increased trade in intermediate goods. Increased multi-stage production promotes the formation of free-trade agreements (FTA). In this paper, the relationship between intermediates trade and FTAs is examined with a two-step Pseudo...

The main objective of this paper is to provide for more and better evidence allowing the examination of Brazil's position within Global Value Chain on leather & footwear Industry. To do so, we analyzed the pattern of international integration in Taiwan and Mexico as remarkable experiences for...