places with few or no emissions restrictions, an effect known as leakage. Relocated industries would continue to pollute but … would be operating in a less desirable location. We consider solutions to the leakage problem in a simple setting where one … tax rate on production lower due to leakage; (3) taxing only production (on the demand side), however, would be …

rate than the extraction tax rate, and (iii) a goods-specific export subsidy. The policy controls leakage by combining …

production, welfare and the coalition size. The coalition implements border carbon adjustment to reduce carbon leakage and to …

-ordinated multilateral action), the parallel concern of carbon leakage — whereby domestic reductions in emissions are partially or wholly …