This paper explores the fiscal autonomy of Vietnam's public hospitals through analysing the formal autonomy rules and the actual autonomy practices among selected hospitals. We argue that Vietnam's autonomisation of public hospitals underpins the increasing switch of healthcare costs from the...

In contrast with the large literature that studies the interactions between the oil and the foreign exchange (FX) markets at the return level, this paper examines their relationship at the risk level. We employ the multivariate stochastic volatility (MSV) and the multivariate conditional...