Vaccination represents a canonical example of externalities in economics, yet there are few estimates of their … magnitudes. I estimate social and externality benefits of influenza vaccination in two settings. First, using a natural … experiment, I estimate the impacts of aggregate vaccination rates on mortality and work absences in the United States. Second, I …

vaccination in order to achieve herd immunity and reduce the efects of the disease. Vaccination rates have difered between … countries, depending on supply (availability of resources) and demand (altruism and resistance to vaccination) factors. Methods … levels of vaccination between countries, using the number of transplants as a proxy for altruism. Taking European Union …