The future creation of a region-wide economic agreement in Asia has become the hot issue among trade policymakers in the region. The APEC 2010 Summit Statement clearly states that the members should pursue a Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific (FTAAP), building on various ongoing regional...

This paper addresses two central questions for Asia and the world: (1) What is the purpose of Asian regional policy coordination going forward? (2) Will Asian regional policy coordination substitute or complement global policy coordination? The paper examines the potential coverage and content...

There is a strong presumption among economists that domestic reforms are promoted by regionalism. Yet strong empirical evidence for this proposition is lacking. This paper examines both the theoretical arguments and empirical evidence on this issue, drawing on the relevant economic, political,...

There is a strong presumption among economists that domestic reforms are promoted by regionalism. Yet strong empirical evidence for this proposition is lacking. The purpose of the paper is to examine in some detail both the theoretical arguments and empirical evidence on this issue, drawing on...

The European Union has been confronted, particularly in the past decade, with a diminishing position in the world economy in nominal terms (as percentage of world GDP), a decline of its global competitiveness and an increase in the diversity of the situations that cause troubles to its member...

In this paper we examine the influence of economic factors on partisan support for European integration over the last three decades. We find that partisan support is larger in ‘poorer' countries with direct economic benefits from EU membership. On the other hand, parties in countries affected...

The EU is losing its glamour and it is in danger of losing its appeal as the promise of perpetual prosperity is fading away. It is not anymore the EU that would attract people to defend it on barricades. The first decade of the 21st century may be a ‘lost decade' for reforms in the EU, while...

The Whitehall Briefing (leaked in January but only officially released this month) is not the last word on the potential long-term economic impact of Brexit, despite claims from others that it ‘proves’ GDP will be lower in ‘all’ scenarios. As the report itself says, it is only ‘draft...

Like most decisions about Brexit, the choice of future customs arrangements is about getting the trade-offs right. Remaining in a customs union with the EU would not just prevent disruptive border checks. It would also allow tariff-free trade to continue after the UK left the Single Market, and...

A no-deal scenario could end the Tripartite Agreement (TPA) and threaten next year’s Grand National. The TPA allows for horses to be move easily between the UK, France and Ireland, allowing for horses to compete across the three countries. Whilst there are valid concerns over the future of the...