textual analysis to convert qualitative text data into quantitative sentiment indices. First, a sentiment analysis utilizes … characteristics of sentiments. In a third step, sentiment indices are used to test the efficiency of numerical forecasts. Using 12 …-month-ahead fixed horizon forecasts, fixed-effects panel regression results suggest some informational content of sentiment …

Automated sentiment scoring offers relevant empirical information for many political science applications. However …, apart from English language resources, validated dictionaries are rare. This note introduces a German sentiment dictionary … zero. This warrants caution when interpreting sentiment scores as interval or even ratio scales in applied research. …

Using the dictionary-based approach to measure the sentiment of finance-related texts is primarily focused on English …. Additionally, I tested multiple measurements of sentiment. I show that using the edited and extended dictionary to calculate a … relative measurement of sentiment, central assumptions regarding textual analysis can be fulfilled and more significant …