the sanctions against criminal activity, or of the taxation of legal incomes, may weaken the social norm against crime … increase in the crime rate. We show that law enforcement policies may have dramatic and permanent efects on the crime rate, and …

This paper argues that the Economics of Crime concentrates too much on punishment as a policy to fight crime, which is … unwise for several reasons. There are important instances in which punishment simply cannot reduce crime. Several feasible … alternatives to punishment exist, such as offering positive incentives or handing out awards for law abiding behavior. These …

several reasons. On the one hand, there are important instances in which punishment is unable to reduce crime or may even …The economics of crime concentrates on policies in the form of punishments. To adopt such a policy is unwise for …

increases substantially after introducing an ex post sanctioning possibility. Namely, subjects can assign punishment points to …

play a treatment with punishment, they cooperate less and face higher punishment costs than when first playing a treatment … without punishment. The changes are that drastic that punishment does not pay in the first case, while it does in the later …. Second, for participants first playing without punishment the contributions in the very first period of play determine the …

Because costly punishment is not credible, subgame perfection suggests that punishment will not deter free riding … strategies seen in the lab and use the simulation to develop hypotheses about why group size should matter when punishment is … rates no lower than small groups because punishment does not fall appreciably in large groups. However, hindrances to …

a punishment regime, in which certain individuals are permitted, but not required, to have punishment directed toward … them. The punishment system can condition on type and contribution history. The results indicate that the most effective … regime, in terms of contributions and earnings, is one that allows punishment of low contributors only, regardless of …

party punishment. Status is conveyed by surname; half of the third parties face dictators with a noble name and half face …'s decisions to use economic punishment, and that this holds true in situations where reputation or strategic concerns have no …

punishment opportunities are restricted to agents who are linked through alternative punishment networks. We find that the … structure of the punishment network significantly impacts contributions to the public good, but not overall efficiencies …. Contributions collapse over decision rounds in groups with limited punishment opportunities, even if the absolute punishment …

equilibrium model is developed, exploiting these facts to quantitatively assess the race crime gap, that is the difference in … crime explained by the difference in observables. The model is calibrated relying on US data and solved numerically. The … model captures well relevant dimensions of the crime phenomenon, such as the inmates composition by race, employment status …