:3-2006:2, following the methodology proposed by Gali and Gertler (1999). They claim that a potential source of inflation may be the … of the productivity gains on inflation, which the ad hoc measure output gap misses. We also estimate a hybrid version of …

EA as a whole decreases with unexpected inflation, although in some countries (Austria, Germany and Malta) inequality …, and Belgium and Malta being the largest losers. Governments are net winners of inflation, while the household (HH) sector … is a net loser. HHs in Belgium, Ireland, Malta and Germany incur the biggest per capita losses, while HHs in Finland and …