and takes a certain fraction of the used items back for remanufacturing, in exchange for a deposit transferred to the … and remanufacturing costs, and unit holding costs at the vendor and the purchaser, the cost-minimal order/lot sizes and … remanufacturing rates are determined for the purchaser, the vendor, the whole system assuming partners' cooperation, and for a …

Die Bedeutung des Themas Kreislaufwirtschaft ist zuletzt spürbar gestiegen. Ursache hierfür sind unter anderem neue … erfüllen will. Besonders städtische Räume wie Hamburg haben besonderes Potenzial, von einer Kreislaufwirtschaft zu profitieren …

recycled and finally landfilled, and where a recycling firm has market power. The material content constitutes an aspect of … green product design and affects the recycling costs. Although the recycling firm's supply of recycling services is … proposed which correct for market failures. One promising candidate is a relative recycling standard combined with a …

competition in international markets. We investigate alternative policy measures for promoting paper recycling in seven European … for paper production. We then "translate" the standard into market-based instruments to illustrate how a common recycling …

potentially use some kind of waste in their production cycles, or that implement recycling and recovery programs. …