The standard poverty lines applied in empirical research tend to be problematic in terms of validity, reliability, ease … related to actual differences in the 'production of poverty' in 11 countries, as measured by the generalised budget approach … substantially higher degree of poverty than representatives of the corporatist type (Belgium, Germany, France). Poverty in the …

hand, poverty increased in absolute terms. In contrast in the following years of rapid economic growth, the growth in the … income of the pensioners fell behind that of workers and relative poverty increased. The analysis shows that the limited … resources of many of the elderly put them close to a socially interesting poverty line. Income inequality among the elderly has …

In Europe, there are significant differences in the extent and in the structure of in-work poverty. Based on a … sufficient to avoid poverty. Further steps regard the role of the household context (needs and further income) and the effect of … and other influences on the risk of in-work poverty. …

multidimensional approaches to poverty and social exclusion, increasing concerns about reliance on nationally based income poverty …. Contrary to the situation with national income poverty measures, levels of economic vulnerability vary systematically across … experience of poverty and social exclusion in an enlarged European Union. The most effective strategy may be to take more …

Empirische Untersuchungen haben nachgewiesen, dass es in Deutschland in einem beträchtlichen Ausmaß Armut gibt. Wie … wird Armut definiert? Wie kann man Armut messen? Hat in Deutschland die Ungleichheit der Einkommensverteilung zugenommen …? Welche Maßnahmen müssten ergriffen werden, um Armut zu verhindern? …

British or the Southern Greek financing system increases inequality and poverty, as well as labour supply incentives. The …

Substantial cross-national differences in poverty alleviation are well documented, but theextent to which different …-targeted provisions and means-tested benefits reduce relative economic poverty in different institutional settings. It is shown that the … poverty alleviation across countries. The study also presents a new method for estimating the anti-poverty effects of separate …

-country empirical studies have found that welfare state generosity is strongly associated with low relative poverty, but there has been … virtually no cross-national analysis of welfare state effects on absolute poverty, which is at the heart of the critics … poverty for working-age households in Sweden, Germany, the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States from the mid-1970s to …

other women on three outcomes labor force participation rates, wage rates, and poverty rates, analyzing the effects of … motherhood and marital status on labor force participation rates, annual earnings, and poverty rates. After analyzing these …