both increased competition and the enactment of equal treatment laws reduce the gender wage gap. …

in international data. More market orientation might be related to gender wage gaps via its effects on competition in …

both increased competition and the enactment of equal treatment laws reduce the gender wage gap. …

This paper investigates to which extent tough competition impacts on the macroeconomic performance of countries. The … relation between competition and innovation has been investigated intensely in industrial economics. It started with Schumpeter … highest for medium-range competition, but lower for very tough competition as well as for a very lax competitive regime …

economic-experimental outcomes suggest that experienced utility may depend on the intensity of market competition. This paper … is the first to empirically analyze the implication of market competition for subjective well-being using real …-life survey data on 80,000 individuals in more than 60 countries from the World Values Survey 1997-2001. In support of our …

both increased competition and the enactment of equal treatment laws reduce the gender wage gap. …

Warenhandels zählte die Frachtschifffahrt in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten zu den wachstumsstarken Wirtschaftsbereichen. Die … Wohlstands in zahlreichen Regionen der Welt werden auch zukünftig eine deutliche Expansion des Welthandels und der … Frachtschifffahrt erfordern. Deshalb ist die maritime Logistik ein Wirtschaftszweig mit günstigen Entwicklungsperspektiven. Die …

-nationality crews grows at current rates, this would lower shipping subsidies - in 2015 the savings would amount to over 10 million …

individual routes. Presently, however, the respective European regulation granting liners an exemption from competition laws is … contrast, we demonstrate that there is little evidence for a destabilizing effect of competition, while conferences can …

Shipping emissions in ports are substantial, accounting for 18 million tonnes of CO2 emissions, 0.4 million tonnes of … shipping are in Asia and Europe (58%), but this share is low compared to their share of port calls (70%). European ports have … regulation to use low sulphur fuels at berth. The ports with the largest absolute emission levels due to shipping are Singapore …