learning. To overcome the inherent ill-posed statistical problem in NPS pollution data the sequential entropy filter is applied …

We use transfer entropy to quantify information flows between financial markets and propose a suitable bootstrap … procedure for statistical inference. Transfer entropy is a model-free measure designed as the Kullback-Leibler distance of …

sets a series of non-parametric based tests utilising entropy based metrics. These suggest that the PDFs and CDFs of these … two return distributions change shape in various subsample periods. The entropy and MI statistics suggest that the degree … most recent period from 2011 to 2012. The entropy based non-parametric tests of the equivalence of the two distributions …

metric is based on entropy, a phenomenon well known in engineering. …

than to re-allocate risk. Being insured decreases the cost an insured party has to bear if settlement negotiations fail and … value suits, LCI can make the threat to sue credible and motivate potential defendants to make positive settlement offers …

We investigate the role of settlement in a dynamic model of a payment system where the ability of participants to … perform certain welfare-improving transactions is subject to random and unobservable shocks. In the absence of settlement, the … supportable if settlement is introduced. This, however, requires that settlement takes place with a sufficiently high frequency. …

then makes a settlement offer. Overinvestment, or bluff, always prevails in equilibrium: with positive probability …